Econometrica

Journal Of The Econometric Society

An International Society for the Advancement of Economic
Theory in its Relation to Statistics and Mathematics

Edited by: Guido W. Imbens • Print ISSN: 0012-9682 • Online ISSN: 1468-0262

Econometrica: Oct, 1964, Volume 32, Issue 4

Notes and Comments: Spurious Correlation Due to Deflating Variables

https://www.jstor.org/stable/1910183
p. 652-655

Albert Madansky

This paper shows that when a homogeneous linear regression of a normally distributed variable Y on two normally distributed variables X and Z is deflated by Z, and when X and Y are uncorrelated, the deflated dependent variable Y/Z and independent variable X/Z are either uncorrelated or perfectly correlated. Thus, existing approximations to the covariance of these deflated variables are poor. A new approximation to this covariance is given that has the same defect for normally distributed variables, but that should otherwise be better than existing ones.


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